{"id":2224,"date":"2015-04-30T09:00:49","date_gmt":"2015-04-30T13:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/?p=2224"},"modified":"2021-08-22T14:23:28","modified_gmt":"2021-08-22T14:23:28","slug":"review-isla-and-the-happily-ever-after-by-stephanie-perkins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/2015\/04\/30\/review-isla-and-the-happily-ever-after-by-stephanie-perkins\/","title":{"rendered":"Review: <i>Isla and the Happily Ever After<\/i> by Stephanie Perkins"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5>Introduction<\/h5>\n<p>Many autistic portrayals \u2014 whether in fiction or news media \u2014 are problematic because they sideline autistic people, who become important only in how they affect others. That means that reviewing the portrayal of autism in books like New York Times bestselling YA romance <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/book\/show\/9627755-isla-and-the-happily-ever-after\">Isla and the Happily Ever After<\/a><\/em>, in which the titular character\u2019s best friend Kurt is autistic, can be complicated.<\/p>\n<p><div class=\"book-cover alignleft\"><center><a href=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><img width=\"300\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla-300x454.jpg\" class=\"attachment-small size-small wp-post-image\" alt=\"Cover image for Cover for ISLA AND THE HAPPILY EVER AFTER\" loading=\"lazy\" longdesc=\"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/isla\/#desc\" srcset=\"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla-300x454.jpg 300w, https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla-66x100.jpg 66w, https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla-331x500.jpg 331w, https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla-661x1000.jpg 661w, https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla-200x303.jpg 200w, https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-content\/uploads\/isla.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/div>By their very nature, secondary characters are, well, secondary. They appear when they plot calls for it and are in large part defined by their relationship with the protagonist. In <em>Isla<\/em>, this is very much the case for Kurt. I was excited whenever he appeared because I looked forward to further exploring his character or his tight, lifelong friendship with Isla, but was disappointed nearly every time \u2014 despite knowing that that&#8217;s to be expected when reading specifically for a secondary character. Kurt\u2019s sections are brief, and while he regularly pops up in Isla\u2019s thoughts, she\u2019s more consumed with her budding relationship with Josh.<\/p>\n<p>In the past, another friend of Isla\u2019s didn\u2019t get along with Kurt and forced Isla to choose between them; a similar situation happened when Isla dumped a boyfriend for treating Kurt badly. While I love how much she clearly cared for him, backstory like that risks depicting Isla as saintly for sticking with Kurt despite his eccentricities. Similarly, her new boyfriend Josh accepting and getting along with Kurt paints him in an immediately positive light \u2014 Isla nearly swoons with relief.<\/p>\n<p>I was left with the nagging feeling that Kurt largely existed as a complicating factor in Isla\u2019s relationship(s) and\u00a0to make her and Josh more appealing in readers\u2019 eyes.<\/p>\n<p>Which brings me back to my opening point: this is a common trend in portrayals of autistic characters, but can also be the nature of the beast when it comes to secondary characters. As <em>Isla<\/em> is a romance, it\u2019s logical for the relationship between Isla and Josh to take center stage \u2014 and it&#8217;s actually addressed in-text, with Isla ditching Kurt in favor of Josh being called out numerous times. Still, I wanted to mention it, so that those picking up the book for autistic representation know not to expect more (in-depth) Kurt than the book actually delivers.<\/p>\n<p>With that giant disclaimer out of the way, let me state this: whoa.<\/p>\n<p>Given the not-Kurt-focus of the book, I was surprised by how many pitfalls regarding autistic representation Perkins avoided in a wonderfully understated manner. Various assumptions and tropes were casually turned over with a single line here or there, to the point where the book may actually get more right than other books that <em>focus<\/em> on autism.<\/p>\n<p>There are so many details I\u2019d like to comment on \u2014 most of them positive, but not all \u2014 that it\u2019s easier to organize them by topic. Some minor spoilers ahead.<\/p>\n<h5>Kurt and his relationships with Isla and others<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Despite it sometimes feeling as if it was done for sympathy points, it&#8217;s great seeing Isla being so firmly in Kurt\u2019s corner. Better yet, it\u2019s not framed as, \u201cI sacrifice so much for Kurt,\u201d but as, \u201c<em>Damn<\/em>, people treat Kurt badly.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Isla isn\u2019t always perfect in this aspect, either. There are instances where she\u2019s not as gracious with Kurt, but this is often instantly called out.<br \/>\n<blockquote><p>\u2026 I\u2019m embarrassed about Kurt. He\u2019s so rigid. And awkward. But the shame that follows these traitorous thoughts is instantaneous. \u2026 As if I\u2019m any less awkward.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>We\u2019re all annoyed with our friends sometimes, whether they\u2019re autistic or not. I\u2019m extra-sensitive to these kinds of thoughts because they\u2019re so common and accepted\u2014even expected\u2014but within the context of the book, they\u2019re realistic and were addressed well.<\/li>\n<li>There\u2019s laughter. There\u2019s friendly banter. Kurt brings Isla breakfast.<br \/>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cI\u2019m so far from sucking that you can\u2019t even handle it.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>When he\u2019s unsure if a joke of Josh\u2019s is serious, he asks Isla about it, and rather than lingering on his misinterpretation, he comes back with a totally awful, wonderful pun. In short, Kurt is completely believable as an actual <em>friend <\/em>to Isla, and not just someone she takes under her wing or hangs out with because she feels obligated to.<\/li>\n<li>Throughout the book (and past few years), Kurt and Isla have no friends except for each other. Kurt presumably because of his social awkwardness, and Isla presumably because of her shyness and Kurt\u2019s presence. But near the end, when Isla is preoccupied with Josh, Kurt reaches out and makes other friends fairly easily. Throughout the novel, it was implied he\u2019s held Isla back, but she acknowledges that wasn\u2019t the case at all.<\/li>\n<li>One part I disliked was that, early on, a bully harasses Kurt and calls him the R-word. The use of such a harmful, ableist slur felt gratuitously out of place in such an otherwise light, friendly novel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Kurt stands up for himself \u2014 a surprisingly rare trait for an autistic character<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>He\u2019s rightfully hurt by Isla consistently brushing him off in favor of Josh and calls her out on it. For example:<br \/>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cListen. I don\u2019t want to tag along on your dates, and I don\u2019t want you to stop going out, but it\u2019d be nice to know if you still gave a shit about me.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>He also calls her out when she\u2019s being condescending:<br \/>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cYou\u2019re the one person who\u2019s never supposed to talk to me like that. Like I don\u2019t understand. You\u2019ve wanted to screw him for three years. Why wouldn\u2019t you now that you\u2019re dating? I\u2019m not the idiot that you think I am.\u201d<br \/>\nI\u2019m stung. \u201cI don\u2019t think that. You know I don\u2019t think that.\u201d<br \/>\n\u201cYou do.\u201d<br \/>\nThere\u2019s truth to what he\u2019s saying. It shames me.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>When Isla freaks out about mixed messages from Josh, Kurt simply says, \u201cStop shouting.\u201d Then he proceeds to theorize about what it means \u2014<br \/>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIs it possible that he broke up with you, and you didn\u2019t realize it? People are confusing. They say one thing and mean the other.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2014 and gives actual insightful, reasonable advice. I love that this happens in the same scene, acknowledging that social interactions <em>are <\/em>often difficult for autistic people, but that it doesn\u2019t mean we&#8217;re incapable of understanding. In fact, because of the conscious way we have to learn social interaction, some autistic people\u00a0have an extra solid grasp of people\u2019s motivations and actions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Kurt\u2019s sexuality<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>Kurt launches into something about a freshman in his computer programming class, a girl who is tall and serene and already fluent in several internet languages \u2014 totally his type.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I almost squeed at that line. Often, autistic characters are stripped of sexuality \u2014 not in a sense of being asexual (which would be wonderful if it were treated as an actual, legitimate identity, rather than a &#8220;side effect&#8221; of their autism) but in a sense of it not even being an option. Or, when the character does have sexual or romantic urges, it\u2019s turned into some kind of strange, surprising <em>thing<\/em>.\u00a0Not the case here. It\u2019s treated completely casually.<\/li>\n<li>Kurt regularly spending the night in Isla\u2019s room could\u2019ve been similarly fraught \u2014 him not being seen as a potentially sexual being \u2014 but it\u2019s clear that they see each other as siblings due to having grown up together, not for any other reason.<\/li>\n<li>Josh remains wary\/jealous of Kurts and Isla\u2019s closeness, rather than\u00a0dismissing Kurt\u00a0as a potential romantic rival.<\/li>\n<li>Kurt is mentioned as having morning wood. I wish such a small thing weren\u2019t noteworthy, but it\u2019s just another detail cementing him as, yes, just a regular teen boy with common teen boy functions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Josh and Isla discuss Kurt&#8217;s autism<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cWhat the DSM used to call Asperger\u2019s, and what they now call high-functioning autism. It\u2019s the same thing.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>This strikes me as both a plus and a minus. Many people still identify as having Asperger\u2019s, and I\u2019m not sure if saying \u201cit\u2019s the same thing\u201d might invalidate that identity. Personally, as someone originally diagnosed with Asperger\u2019s, I appreciated this line. I\u2019ve regularly seen people with Asperger\u2019s loudly distancing themselves from other autistic people, or people considering Asperger\u2019s as \u201cautism-lite\u201d or as \u201crelated to\u201d autism but not <em>actually <\/em>autism. Many books reinforce that distinction, so I was really glad to see a book that didn\u2019t.<\/p>\n<p>I did twitch at the mention of \u201chigh-functioning autism.\u201d The context is fairly neutral (for example, it&#8217;s not used to\u00a0compare to\/put down \u201clow-functioning\u201d people) but it\u2019s a highly contested and unpopular term within the disabled community.<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cBut it\u2019s not a problem, it\u2019s not like it\u2019s something that needs to be cured. His brain works a little differently from ours. That\u2019s all.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>It\u2019s surprisingly refreshing to see this so bluntly stated. This line may be many people\u2019s first exposure to this idea, and I love <i>Isla<\/i> for introducing them to it.<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIt\u2019s not like he\u2019s a card-counting savant or a mathematical genius or anything. I mean, don\u2019t get me wrong. He\u2019s brilliant. But those stereotypes are the worst.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Again: sometimes, that directness is necessary.<\/li>\n<li>Isla notes that Kurt\u2019s bluntness can hurt people\u2019s feelings, but that he doesn\u2019t mean to and is devastated when he finds out. This is something people so often overlook \u2014 yes, we do care when we hurt people! \u2014 and I\u2019m so grateful for that acknowledgment.<\/li>\n<li>Isla thinks:<br \/>\n<blockquote><p><em>Kurt and I meet after his weekly therapy session, but Josh doesn\u2019t need to know that.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I\u2019m glad that she respected his privacy enough to keep that part silent.<\/li>\n<li>Despite all these positives, I felt slightly mixed about them having the conversation in the first place. On one hand,\u00a0I appreciate Josh being sincerely interested and listening without judging, and it makes sense to ask Isla rather than Kurt himself, as he knows Isla much better and is more comfortable with her. At the same time, it fit the pattern of Kurt being sidelined in the narrative (left out of a scene\u00a0<em>about <\/em>him) and used to serve the relationship \u2014 as this conversation is used as a springboard for exactly that.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Various believable details<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Kurt not being good at filling in the blanks in conversations, but simply asking Isla for clarification rather than being awkward about it or <a href=\"http:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/2015\/04\/05\/the-jokes-on-me\/\">engaging in supposedly comical misinterpretations.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kurt trying to show Isla something at a student assembly and being annoyed when she\u2019s distracted by, well, the student assembly. This attitude of, \u201cI am interested in this thing, <em>why aren\u2019t you, <\/em>even though there\u2019s something much more important going on,\u201d isn\u2019t flattering, but it\u2019s familiar. I\u2019m guilty of it for certain.<\/li>\n<li>Kurt\u2019s special interest is cartography (including finding the Right Way to locations), and he picks up an obsession with the Catacombs of Paris. After reading several novels where the autistic character\u2019s default interest is math\/science\/trains, this is so refreshing.<\/li>\n<li>Kurt sticking to the rules. Again, a pretty familiar trait. He does become more open to breaking rules later on, but it\u2019s not portrayed as some \u201coh, he\u2019s beating his autism\u201d thing. In fact, his character development is directly juxtaposed with Josh\u2019s, <a href=\"http:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/2015\/04\/26\/happy-endings-and-overcoming-autism\/\">which really helps to frame this in a non-icky way<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aside from Kurt, there is other casual diversity scattered around the novel \u2014 Josh\u2019s ex-girlfriend, Isla\u2019s ex-friend, and Kurt\u2019s new friend are three siblings from an Indian family, and Isla\u2019s older sister is bisexual. (In the same line where this sister is mentioned as suddenly shaving her head and getting a girlfriend, she\u2019s mentioned as coming out as bi. It would have been <em>so<\/em> easy to default to calling her a lesbian \u2014 most other authors would have! I loved this.)<\/p>\n<p>In short: this isn&#8217;t the best book to pick up specifically for its autistic or otherwise diverse representation. The diversity is all secondary, with the focus very firmly on two straight, white, extremely privileged, largely abled (Josh has tendinitis) teenagers and their romance.<\/p>\n<p>However, it <em>is<\/em> a book that does so many surprising things right \u2014 ranging from a fresh, matter-of-fact depiction of autism to subtle yet efficient subversions of assumptions \u2014 that I\u2019m delighted every time I think of Kurt&#8217;s character. I definitely recommend picking up <em>Isla<\/em> for anyone wanting to study that element.<\/p>\n<p>Now, if only we could get a Kurt-and-tall-serene-girl-centric companion novel &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although Kurt&#8217;s character seems to largely exist to serve the central romance, I was pleasantly surprised by how many pitfalls Perkins avoided in a wonderfully understated manner. Various assumptions and tropes were casually turned over with a single line here or there.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","kt_blocks_editor_width":""},"categories":[62,522],"tags":[140,182],"genre":[5,26],"age_category":[8],"disability":[7],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2224"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2224"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7314,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2224\/revisions\/7314"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2224"},{"taxonomy":"genre","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/genre?post=2224"},{"taxonomy":"age_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age_category?post=2224"},{"taxonomy":"disability","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/disabilityinkidlit.com\/test\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disability?post=2224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}